Phenomenon Of Grandparent Becoming Parent Essay Example for Free

Phenomenon Of Grandparent Becoming Parent Essay FIGURE FOR GRANDCHILDREN   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Since 1980, there have been dramatic increases in children living with and being cared for by their grandparents. In 1980, 2.3 million children were living in with their grandparents. By 1997, there were 3.9 million children living in that situation. The 2000 U. S. Census has reported 4.5 million children living in grandparent-headed homes. The 2000 Census also counted, for the first time, 2.4 million grandparents who are responsible for the basic needs of their grandchildren who are living with them. REASONS WHY GRANDPARENTS ARE RAISING THEIR GRANDCHILDREN   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Given the statistics above, it can be assumed that more and more grandparents have to play parenting roles for their grandchildren. There are a number of reasons why the statistics continue to rise: The American Association of Retired Persons’ (AARP) Grandparent Information Center states that the most common reason is substance abuse. Drug and alcohol problems are causing parents to be unable to raise their children. Teenage pregnancy is also one reason why grandparents come to raise their grandchildren. Parents who marry and give child at a very young age are often not yet emotionally prepared to take care of their children Illnesses – parents have mental illness or have contacted some other diseases like HIV/Aids. Incarceration-parents are imprisoned or are under detention Child abuse or neglect-the child have been physically abused or are totally neglected by their parents Domestic violence-the parents are often hurling verbal or physical abuse against each other and the child suffers from trauma Death of one or both parents Military deployment- grandparents are called to step in when one or both parents are deployed in military service and are unable to care for their kids Poverty or joblessness   Ã‚  Ã‚   EMOTIONAL BENEFITS   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   A majority of grandparents who raise their grandchildren report experiencing a great purpose for living. Providing care for grandchildren helped them to feel young and inactive. Other rewards include A chance to raise a child differently A chance to nurture family relationships. Family ties and values are preserved. They are able to receive love, affection, and companionship from their grandchildren. Children raised by grandparents tend to be less rebellious and are more understanding and appreciative. To many of the grandparents raising their grandchildren, their sacrifices are more than worth it. It is clear that despite the problems, most grandparents derive satisfaction from acting as parents to their grandchildren. Caring for their grandchildren can be positive and rewarding. Grandparent bring the benefit of experiences and perspective. They can also provide important stability, predictability.   And they can be a healthy role model for their grandchildren. OTHER PROBABLE BENEFITS   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Grandparents can ask for legal arrangements so that they can have full custody, temporary custody, or they can obtain the status of being a foster parent. When custody is established by the law, they will have a measure of legal security and can gain rights and benefits for them and their grandchildren. The Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP). Each state has a CHIP which pays for doctor visits, hospital stays, shots, and medicine. Financial Aids A child may be legible to get money from the state’s Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF) Program. These families may qualify for food stamps. The child may qualify for Child Tax Credit and the grandparent may qualify for the Earned Income Tax Credit. Both programs can give them extra cash at tax time. Grandparents can ask the school guidance about applying for free hot meals for their grandchildren. REFERENCES Bryson, K. Casper, L.M. (1998). â€Å"Co-resident \Grandparents and their Grandchildren. Census Bureau Current Population Reports.† P23-198.   http://www.census.gov Accessed 6 February 2008 Doucette-Pudman, D. Lacerre, J.R. (1996). Raising Our Children’s Children. Minneapolis, MN.: Fairview Press. Mullen, F. (1995). A tangled web: Public benefits, grandparents and grandchildren. Washington D.C.: American Association of Retired Persons.

George Washington Essay -- American History America

George Washington - The Father of Our Country Why has George Washington earned the title "Father of our Country"? He was a great military leader and served as a general in the Revolutionary War. Washington was very involved in setting up the government of the United States and served as the first President. He is the most honored of any President and there are many things that help us remember him often. With all he has contributed to the success of our country, he certainly deserves this title. George Washington was born on February 22, 1732, in Westmoreland, Virginia. He belonged to an old colonial family that believed in hard work, public service, and in worshipping God (Ashworth and Carroll). As far as formal education George only had the elementary years. His favorite subject was arithmetic. But he was ambitious and self taught. At the age of eleven, his father died and this put great responsibility on his young shoulders (Milton 12). His older half-brother Lawrence became a substitute father and helped to raise him (Flexner 5). At the age of seventeen, Washington was appointed surveyor for Culpeper county. At the age of twenty, with no training or experience as a soldier, George applied to the governor of Virginia for a commission in the militia (Alden 8). He was fascinated with the war stories Lawrence told him and developed a keen interest in military affairs (Flexner 5). In February of 1753, he was commissioned as a major and put in charge of training militia in southern Virginia. Washington started reading and studying about military tactics and affairs. At the age of twenty-three he was promoted to Colonel and appointed commander and chief of the Virginia Militia. This was where George Washington learned how ... ...row economically and established a sound federal government. He has been honored and revered more than any other president in history. His legacy is still remembered and celebrated. We should never forget this great man and all he did to make America the greatest country in the world. George Washington should always be remembered as the Father of our Country. Works Cited Alden, John R. George Washington a Biography. Baton Rouge: Lousianna State University Press, _ _ 1984. Ashworth, Mary Wells and Carroll, John Alexander. "George Washington." World Book _ _ Encyclopedia. 1969. Flexner, James Thomas. Washington the Indispensable Man. Boston: Little, Brown and Company, 1974. Milton, Joyce. The Story of George Washington, Quiet Hero.Milwaukee: Garth Stevens Publishing, 1988. Twohig, Dorthy. "George Washington." Grolier Electronic Encyclopedia. 1995.

Was king henry an innovator?

Henry the VII was born on the 28th of January 1457 and had a very interesting life. He became king In the well-known Battle of Bowwow's where he killed the king at that time, who was Richard Ill with the assistance of the Stanley brothers. At that point In history, England was a very weak culturally, economically and militarily. England was also torn in half for years by a civil war which is also known as the Wars of the Roses. This meant that king Henry VII had not only inherited the crown but several major robbers, which Henry intended to solve these issues.Some of these problems were that the British Isles needed unification, as both Ireland and Scotland were both hostile and separate, or the English Just didn't have control over them. Another problem was the military development. The army Henry inherited with his crown relied on the bow, while other nations were moving on to fire arms. Above all else, though, King Henry VII planned to create a new dynasty; the Tudor dynasty. He w ent about solving these Issues In a very clever and unique style which proved to be effective.Some believed, though, that Henry merely adopted these ideas from previous monarchs and It just proved more effective In his rule. That's why there Is not an agreement on whether or not King Henry was an Innovator. Some historians argue that King Henry the VII was an innovator, and have many arguments to support them. Most, if not all, of these arguments revolved around three main areas which were finance, foreign policies and his relationship with the nobles. On the first area, Henry held money very close to his heart. He had adoptedEdward Avis use of the chamber (which can also show that he wasn't an innovator) but had ended up creating more than 3 times the revenue that Edward had made, which was due partly to the fact that Henry supervised his accounts more closely than Edward. Henry also TLD spoil his family. He was assisted greatly by the fact that the only relative In his family was his uncle who had passed away a decade after his reign. Further proof can be seen by â€Å"He was careful not to give away much to his wife's relatives, the Woodpile connection, to whom Edward had been more generous†.Henry also developed to a fine are his recognizes, which were basically a way of ensuring that henrys more important subjects obeyed the law and lived in peace. The way these recognizes worked were that if a nobleman or gentleman offended the king, or that their conduct was a threat to the public order, they would be obliged to pay specified sums of money if they broke the conditions laid down by the recognizes. It is shown that out of the 62 peers that existed between years 1485 and 1 509, 46 of them were under recognizes at one point or another.This as henrys method of holding the upper class to ransom for their good behavior. At the start of Henrys reign, he had inherited a considerable debt, but ended up becoming solvent In the beginning of his reign. Henry n ot only became solvent but ended up securing a surplus In his later years. He also had a very strong relationship with the nobles. During The Wars of the Roses, many nobles had taken advantage of relationship to the nobility than his predecessor did.Henry, unlike Edward who made nine new earls, only made two new earls who were his stepfather Lord Stanley and Edward Courtesan. Another difference between Henry and Edward were that there were no â€Å"super-nobles†, while in Edwards reign; he had made his mother's brother more powerful by showering him with land. Henry was very cautious not to reward too generously, even to the nobles who were most useful to him. Retaining, which was that lords could retain servants or followers to serve him in war or peace, was a major problem for Henry.Both Henry and his predecessor knew that they shouldn't end it all together, as they recognized a nobles right to retinue, due to the fact that these ties of loyalty between lords and their foll owers were important for the smooth functioning of society'. Henrys aim, though, was to attempt to end the lawlessness and corruption which could result if retaining remained unchecked. That is when he created the rule in 1504, which stated that every lord had to obtain a license for his retinue from the king equipped with a list of named retainers. The main difference between Henry and Edward was that Henry enforced his laws in a more resolute way.Foreign policies were another one of his specialties. Both Edward and his successor .NET about similarly taking claim to the French throne, both led invasions of France and both achieved treaties by which the French king agreed to pay them annually. They were also very similar with Scotland, as both of them concluded long truces with their neighbors which were eventually broken up by open war. Differences between the two kings were even clearer. King Edward was the renaissance prince, and sought out to gain land by attempting to invade Fr ance and Scotland, which were both serious attempts to gain some of the land that England had lost.Henry on the other hand was quite the opposite. He was â€Å"more inclined to peace than war†. Henry had signed a treaty with Spain to ensure security. The treaty of friendship opened the way to marriage between Catherine of Argon, the daughter of Ferdinand and Isabella, and Henrys eldest son, Prince Arthur. He had also strengthened his connections with Scotland by marrying his daughter Margaret and James IV of Scotland, and also ensured that Henry VIII should marry Catherine of Argon, after the death of Prince Arthur.

Suffrage Mmovement Divided - 1024 Words

â€Å"Without doubt, the last century has witnessed an unprecedented expansion of women’s rights, in one of the most profound social revolutions the world has ever seen. One hundred years ago, only two countries allowed women to vote. Today, that right is virtually universal. Millions of men and women around the world today advocate to end violence against women, and a record two-thirds of countries have passed laws against it.† – Michelle Bachelet, UN Women Executive Director The battle for women’s suffrage in America lasted for 100 years or more and at times was devisee. Women were not only demanding political rights they were fundamentally challenging historic religious and cultural norms. Whether they recognized it at the time or not†¦show more content†¦President Woodrow Wilson was appalled by the women protestors but was eventually won over by the efforts of the women workforce and the suffrage leader, Carrie Chapman Catt. Woodrow Wilson addressed the senate in favor of the Nineteenth Amendment. However the Senate rejected women’s suffrage by two votes. The Nineteenth Amendment would not be passed until 1920, after the war was over. Once the Nineteenth Amendment was ratified and women had won the right to vote, little actually changed in terms of gender equality. Women worked outside the home, but were kept in â€Å"female occupations† such as education, secretarial and social work. Women salaries were not comparable to men’s and their role is politics was limited. Women had won the vote but in doing so lost the momentum for gender equality. Could it be that women did not comprehend ‘true equality’ or were they content with the progress that had been made. Juliet Mitchell in her essay â€Å"Women: The Longest Revolution â€Å"(1966) argued that women perceive themselves as deficient, their identity linked to patriarchal social view. The 1920’s ushered in a â€Å"new morality† and brought with it the† new women†, but it was not a sexual revolution. The legalization of birth control now sexualized women in a new way. The flapper